INK AND TONER
How color actually appears when produced on an offset or digital press is affected by several factors, including the printing plate quality produced from the original file or master for offset printing, the press settings, the paper, or other substrate, ink or toner types that are used to produce the job; and even the environment or condition of the press and the press area, regardless whether digital or offset.
Let's take a closer look at Ink and Toner
Ink
The press operator has significant influence on the way colors are produced in print. Factors include increasing or decreasing the amount of ink that is applied to the page for offset, and shifting the CMYK balance — that is, increasing the amount of one or more of the primary colors independent of each other — for either offset or digital devices.By taking these actions, the press operator can match the proof -- fine tuning the press during print production to produce a printed sheet equivalent to the contract proof that the customer has approved or will approve. Offset and Web Operators can match printed sheets to proofs with a visual examination or by using color measurement tools.
Did you know that 7-10% of all males and 0.5-1% of all females have a color deficiency, which is why using instruments to measure color is more accurate than "eyeballing" color.
Here is free color vision test online you can use to showcase the point.
This situation is due to the fact that, especially in the offset environment, the proofing device uses different inks and may be printing on different paper than is actually used in final production at the offset press.
For example, more intense colors can be produced on a high-quality coated paper than on a less expensive, uncoated paper.
If a proof is produced on coated stock with the final product produced on uncoated stock, it may be difficult to obtain an accurate color match at press time. The more accurately the final printing conditions are met in the proof, the greater chance for success the entire print enjoys.
The density with which the ink is applied to the paper can be measured with a densitometer, which allows the press operator to deliver consistency, from sheet to sheet, and even job to job, especially if a job is being reprinted. A spectrophotometer is used to measure color accuracy.
While there are consistent standards that apply to offset inks, there are inconsistent standards relative to inkjet inks that are provided by different suppliers. This will be discussed further in the future.
Toner
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner. The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner, creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five to 15 microns - a millionth of a meter - in size.Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
This extremely fine
powder, which has a consistency akin to talcum powder, gains an electric
charge when it comes in contact with the copier's rotating drum. The
copier's laser beam then removes the charge from the previously charged
areas of the drum, leaving certain areas free to be coated with toner.
The drum rolls over a sheet of paper with certain areas coated in toner,
creating an image. Various mixed ingredients compose toner powder, in
turn making up miniscule particles generally ranging in size from five
to 15 microns---a millionth of a meter---around.
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
Read more : http://www.ehow.com/list_6757488_ingredients-copier-toner_.html
In its early form it was a mix of carbon powder and iron oxide. Then, to improve the quality of the printout, the carbon was melt-mixed with a polymer.
In earlier machines, this low-cost carbon toner was poured by the user from a bottle into a reservoir in the machine. Current machines feed directly from a sealed laser toner cartridge.
Toner results also vary from manufacturer to manufacturer or from ink batch to ink batch.
Additionally, different paper types can result in different ink absorption rates, which in turn, cause color to vary from one paper type to another. The print drivers — or the instructions that bridge the document creation software and the print hardware, allowing the desktop user to print to the device — for inkjet printers generally have an option that can be selected to specify the paper type.
This option reduces that variability. Inkjet printers are relatively stable in their ability to deliver accurate color reproduction. This stability makes it easier to build a reliable color management process across the print workflow.
As you can see, it is critical to have coordination between the creator of the original file and the various stages of job processing throughout the print workflow to ensure that the output meets the customer’s expectations.
Unfused toner is easily cleaned from most water-washable clothing. Because toner is a wax or plastic powder with a low melting temperature, it must be kept cold while cleaning.
Recycling of pre-consumer waste toner is practiced by most
manufacturers. Classifying toner to the desired size distribution
produces off-size rejects, but these become valuable feedstocks for the
compounding operation, and are recycled this way.
Post-consumer waste toner appears primarily in the cleaning operation of the photo-printing machine.
In early printers, as much as 20 to 25% of feed toner would wind up in the cleaner sump and be discarded as waste. Improved printer efficiencies have reduced this waste stream to lower levels, although on average 13% of the toner in each cartridge is still wasted.
Additionally, different paper types can result in different ink absorption rates, which in turn, cause color to vary from one paper type to another. The print drivers — or the instructions that bridge the document creation software and the print hardware, allowing the desktop user to print to the device — for inkjet printers generally have an option that can be selected to specify the paper type.
This option reduces that variability. Inkjet printers are relatively stable in their ability to deliver accurate color reproduction. This stability makes it easier to build a reliable color management process across the print workflow.
As you can see, it is critical to have coordination between the creator of the original file and the various stages of job processing throughout the print workflow to ensure that the output meets the customer’s expectations.
Unfused toner is easily cleaned from most water-washable clothing. Because toner is a wax or plastic powder with a low melting temperature, it must be kept cold while cleaning.
Post-consumer waste toner appears primarily in the cleaning operation of the photo-printing machine.
In early printers, as much as 20 to 25% of feed toner would wind up in the cleaner sump and be discarded as waste. Improved printer efficiencies have reduced this waste stream to lower levels, although on average 13% of the toner in each cartridge is still wasted.
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Do you have a color management question, horror story or event to share?
Email me at reilley4color@gmail.com
Email me at reilley4color@gmail.com
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